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Sperm Cramp

Women are already known to experience menstrual cramps but not everyone is aware that men also experience sperm cramps. While it is true that it is not all men that experience this, quite a number of men are suffering from this condition. Sperm cramps mostly occur during ejaculation and can last for a few minutes depending on the severity of the cramps.

What is sperm cramps?

According to studies, perm cramp is a condition that is caused by the vas deferens (the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles) contracting during or after ejaculation. The contractions can cause a cramping sensation that can be uncomfortable or even painful. The good news is that vas deferens cramps are usually not a sign of a serious problem. However, if the cramping is severe or persistent, it’s important to see a doctor to rule out any underlying conditions.

Causes of sperm cramps

Sperm cramp can be caused by a number of different things. These include:

Epididymal hypertension

One of the most common causes is a condition called epididymal hypertension, or “blue balls.” This condition occurs when the epididymis (the tube that carries sperm from the testicles) becomes filled with fluid and pressure builds up. This can cause a cramping sensation in the scrotum. This can happen when a man is sexually aroused for an extended period of time without reaching orgasm. The good news is that this condition is usually temporary and goes away on its own within a few hours.

Inguinal hernias

A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall. This can cause pressure and pain, which can radiate to the scrotum and cause sperm cramps.

Infections

Research has shown that some sexually transmitted infections, like gonorrhea and chlamydia, can cause inflammation of the epididymis and lead to cramping.

A urinary tract infection (UTI) can also cause sperm cramp. The infection can cause inflammation and swelling in the urethra, which can lead to cramping in the area around the urethra, including the scrotum and testicles. Sometimes, UTIs can also cause pain during ejaculation, which can cause further cramping. According to studies, UTIs are much more common in women than in men, but they can still happen in men.

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Prostate problems

Some studies have also shown that inflammation or infection of the prostate gland can cause pain and cramping. This pain may radiate to the scrotum and cause sperm cramp. In some cases, prostate problems can also cause issues with ejaculation, which can lead to cramping.

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Hormonal imbalances

Some research suggests that hormonal imbalances may play a role in sperm cramps. For example, low levels of testosterone can cause muscle weakness and atrophy in the pelvic floor muscles, which can lead to cramping. Additionally, high levels of the hormone prolactin can cause cramping and testicular pain. Finally, a condition called Klinefelter syndrome can cause low levels of testosterone and high levels of estrogen, which can lead to cramping.

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Pelvic floor dysfunction

According to limited research, low testosterone may weaken pelvic floor muscles, potentially contributing to cramping, though evidence is not conclusive. The pelvic floor muscles are a group of muscles that support the pelvic organs and control the flow of urine and stool. When these muscles are tense or overworked, they can cause pain, cramping, and other symptoms. This condition is sometimes called chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) or non-bacterial prostatitis. The symptoms of CPPS can be similar to those of a UTI, and the two conditions can be difficult to distinguish.
Research has shown that physical therapy, including stretches and biofeedback, may relax these muscles. Physical therapy for CPPS involves learning how to relax and strengthen the pelvic floor muscles. This can be done through stretches, exercises, and massage. In some cases, biofeedback therapy may also be used to help the person learn how to control the muscles.

Varicoceles

According to studies, varicoceles or spermatoceles can cause discomfort, occasionally cramping. Varicoceles (enlarged veins in the scrotum), are veins that can cause pressure and pain, which can radiate to the testicles and scrotum. Spermatocele is a cyst that forms in the epididymis, the tube that connects the testicle to the vas deferens. The cyst is filled with fluid and can cause swelling and discomfort. In some cases, this can lead to cramping in the scrotum and lower abdomen. Spermatoceles are usually painless, but they can cause discomfort if they become large. Some people may also experience a dull ache in the scrotum.
 
In terms of treatment, spermatoceles are often harmless and don’t require treatment. However, if the cyst is causing symptoms like cramping or discomfort, a doctor may recommend surgery to remove it. Another option is aspiration, which involves using a needle to remove the fluid from the cyst. If the cyst is small, it may disappear on its own over time.

Physical injury and psychological factors

Research has shown that scrotal trauma can cause cramping. For example, a hit to the groin area can cause pain and swelling that may radiate to the testicles and scrotum. Psychological factors can also play a role in sperm cramps. For example, anxiety or stress can cause tension in the muscles of the scrotum, which can lead to cramping.

Symptoms of sperm cramps

According to health sources, symptoms include cramping, aching, pain, or swelling in the scrotum and lower abdomen, often during or after ejaculation. The intensity of the symptoms may also vary over time, with rare cases involving lumps or blood in semen requiring urgent care.

Risk factors

There are several risk factors that can increase a person’s chances of developing sperm cramps. here are some of the factors according to health research:

  • Age is one risk factor. Research has shown that as men over 40 are more likely to develop epididymitis and other conditions that can cause sperm cramp.
  • It has been shown that risk factors include history of STIs like chlamydia or testicular diseases.
  • Having a prior injury to the testicles, having undergone a vasectomy, and having a family history of epididymitis.
  • A history of frequent masturbation or sexual activity can also increase the risk of developing sperm cramps. This is because the muscles of the vas deferens can become overworked and fatigued with frequent use.
  • Other risk factors include using certain medications, such as antidepressants or blood pressure medications, or having a history of prostate problems.
  • Sperm cramps may be more likely to occur in men who have a history of vasectomy, as this procedure can damage the vas deferens.

Can sperm cramps be prevented?

One of the most common questions about vas deferens cramps is whether they can be prevented. The short answer is that there is no surefire way to prevent vas deferens cramps. However, there are some things that may help reduce the risk. For example, avoiding frequent masturbation or sexual activity may help to reduce the risk of fatigue and overuse of the vas deferens. Men who take medications that may increase the risk of cramping may want to talk to their doctor about alternatives. And finally, men who have had a vasectomy may want to talk to their doctor about how to reduce the risk of sperm cramps.

Treatment for sperm cramps

The treatment for sperm cramps depends on the underlying cause. For example, if the cramps are caused by a condition like epididymitis, the treatment may include antibiotics and pain relievers. If the cramps are caused by a blocked epididymis or vas deferens, surgery may be necessary to remove the blockage. If the cramps are caused by a rare condition like pudendal neuralgia, the treatment may include medications, physical therapy, and other interventions to reduce nerve pain.

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References

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     https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0401/p583.html

  6. Schaeffer AJ, Nicolle LE. Urinary tract infections in older men. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(6):562-571. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1503950

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  7. Anothaisintawee T, Attia J, Nickel JC, et al. Management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA. 2011;305(1):78-86. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1913

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  1. Cleveland Clinic. Varicocele: symptoms and causes. Published 2022. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15222-varicocele
  2. Mayo Clinic. Chronic pelvic pain in men: diagnosis and treatment. Published 2023. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-pelvic-pain/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20570324

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