Bleeding Hemorrhoids: Causes and Symptoms
Bleeding hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lower rectum or anus that leak blood, often during bowel movements. They can be painful and scary, especially when you see bright red blood in the toilet or on tissue. While they’re usually not life-threatening, they shouldn’t be ignored. Let’s break down what causes bleeding hemorrhoids, how to manage them, and when to see a doctor.
What Are Hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are vascular structures inside the anal canal. When inflamed or swollen, they become what people commonly call piles. There are two main types:
- Internal hemorrhoids form inside the rectum and may bleed without pain.
- External hemorrhoids develop under the skin around the anus and can be painful if irritated.
Bleeding happens when these veins are damaged—usually by straining during bowel movements.
What Causes Hemorrhoids to Bleed?
According to research, straining during bowel movements is the main trigger for hemorrhoidal bleeding. Chronic constipation, prolonged sitting, and lifting heavy objects also increase pressure in the rectal area.
Pregnancy is another risk factor. It increases pressure in the pelvic veins, leading to hemorrhoid formation and possible bleeding.
Symptoms of Bleeding Hemorrhoids
You may notice the following:
- Bright red blood on toilet paper or in the bowl
- Itching or irritation around the anus
- Pain or swelling (more common with external hemorrhoids)
- A lump near the anus, which may be sensitive or painful
If the bleeding is heavy or persistent, don’t assume it’s just hemorrhoids.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Any rectal bleeding should be checked by a doctor, especially if:
- Bleeding lasts more than a few days
- You feel dizzy or lightheaded
- Stools are dark or tarry
- You also experience weight loss or fatigue
These signs could indicate something more serious, like colorectal cancer.
Remedies for Bleeding Hemorrhoids
For mild cases, home treatments may stop the bleeding and reduce discomfort:
- Fiber-Rich Diet
Eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to soften stool and reduce straining. High-fiber diets improve hemorrhoid symptoms and decrease bleeding episodes. - Stay Hydrated
Drink at least 8 glasses of water daily. Dehydration can worsen constipation, making hemorrhoids bleed more. - Avoid Straining on the Toilet
Don’t sit too long or force bowel movements. Research has shown that prolonged toilet sitting increases rectal pressure.
Medical Treatments for Bleeding Hemorrhoids
If bleeding persists, doctors may recommend procedures such as:
- Rubber Band Ligation: Cuts off blood supply to internal hemorrhoids. They shrink and fall off.
- Sclerotherapy: A chemical solution is injected to shrink hemorrhoids.
- Infrared Coagulation: Heat is used to stop bleeding and shrink tissue.
- Hemorrhoidectomy: Surgical removal for severe or prolapsed hemorrhoids.
- Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy: Lifts and staples prolapsed hemorrhoids back into place.
Prevention Tips
To avoid bleeding in the future:
- Don’t delay bowel movements
- Exercise regularly
- Eat fiber-rich foods
- Avoid lifting heavy weights
- Use moist wipes instead of dry toilet paper
- Elevate Your Feet When Using the Toilet
Conclusion
Bleeding hemorrhoids are uncomfortable but manageable. Early treatment and healthy habits can help you avoid complications. Always consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist or worsen.
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