Ulcer: Peptic, Gastric, and Duodenal Ulcers

If you had ever had a firsthand experience of ulcer, you would understand better the pains ulcer patients go through. The good thing about ulcer though is that it can be managed with the right medications and change of lifestyle. Avoiding the triggers is also very important. In this article, we are going to examine the two common types of peptic ulcers.

What are peptic ulcers?

Peptic ulcers are sores or breaks in the lining of the digestive tract. peptic ulcer can occur anywhere in the digestive tract, but most commonly occur in the stomach and duodenum. The two common types of peptic ulcers are gastric and duodenal ulcers.

Gastric ulcers

Gastric ulcers occur in the stomach, including infection with the bacteria H. pylori, long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), smoking, and excess stomach acid. 

Duodenal ulcers

Duodenal ulcers occur in the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. They’re commonly linked to H. pylori or NSAID use, with smoking, alcohol, or family history as risk factors. 

Differences between gastric and duodenal ulcers

The main difference is the location of the ulcer.

• The key difference is the location: gastric ulcers affect the stomach, while duodenal ulcers occur in the duodenum.
• Gastric ulcers are more likely to cause upper abdominal pain. This pain is usually felt in the upper abdomen and can range from mild to severe. It is usually worse when the stomach is empty, such as between meals or in the early morning hours. On the other hand, duodenal ulcers are more likely to cause pain in the mid-abdomen. This pain can occur after eating, but it may also be worse when the stomach is empty.
• Gastric ulcers are more likely to be associated with certain conditions, such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, while duodenal ulcers are more likely to be associated with certain lifestyle factors, such as smoking and alcohol use.

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Symptoms of gastric and duodenal ulcers

Symptoms of duodenal ulcers are similar to those of gastric ulcers and can include:

• abdominal pain
• nausea, and

Other common symptoms of gastric ulcers:

• Feeling of fullness.
• Bleeding, which can lead to anemia.
• In severe cases, gastric ulcers can cause a hole in the stomach wall, which is a medical emergency.

Other symptoms of duodenal ulcers:

• A feeling of fullness after eating
• A loss of appetite
• Weight loss.
• Sometimes duodenal ulcers can cause bleeding, which may lead to black stools.
• In severe cases, a duodenal ulcer can cause a hole in the wall of the duodenum. This is known as a perforated duodenal ulcer, and it is a medical emergency. It can cause severe pain and sometimes shock.

Complications of gastric and duodenal ulcers

Gastric  ulcers

Duodenal ulcers

Research says the most common complication of duodena ulcers is bleeding, which can lead to anemia. In rare cases, a duodenum, which can cause a life-threatening infection called peritonitis. Other complications of duodenal ulcers include pancreatitis and jaundice but these are less frequent.

Treatment options for duodenal and gastric ulcers

Gastric ulcers

There are several treatment options for gastric ulcers. The first line of treatment is usually antibiotics to treat the H. pylori infection, if present. If the ulcer is caused by NSAID use, then stopping the use of NSAIDs is usually the first step. In addition to antibiotics and stopping NSAIDs, medications called proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are often used to reduce stomach acid. Surgery may be needed in some cases, such as if the ulcer is large or if it is causing bleeding.

Duodenal ulcers

Just like gasric ulcers, treatment for duodenal ulcers also involves antibiotics and PPIs. However, some people may also need surgery to treat a condition called a duodenal ulcer bleeding, which is when the ulcer bleeds. In rare cases, duodenal ulcers can lead to a hole in the wall of the duodenum, which is known as a perforated duodenal ulcer. This is a medical emergency and requires surgery right away.

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